This was donated by Adam



choose your chapter....


4 13 29(heart) 29(cancer)

Health Chapter 4 vocab

  1. stress- an event that causes tension or a persons perception of an event or a response to a situation or demand on the body; the body and minds reaction to everyday demands
  2. distress- negative stress, to much or not knowing how to deal with it
  3. eustress- positive stress
  4. stressor- any situation that produces a stress response
  5. effects of stress on the body- -pupils dilate -perspiration increases -throaght muscles contract, making it difficult to swollow -muscles tense and tighten -the digestive organs slow down
  6. fatigue- a tired feeling that lowers your level of activity
  7. physical fatigue- when the body needs rest and sleep
  8. pathological fatigue- fatigue brought by the overworking of the defenses for fighting disease
  9. psychological fatigue- fatigue which is brought on by mental stress
  10. chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)- -persisted by fatigue for at least 8 months -mild fever and soar throat -headaches and joint pains -sleep problems -difficulty thinking clearly -fatigue after light activity
  11. coping with stress- -identify the source of stress -making good choices -develope relaxation techniques -practice good health habits -manage your stress -plan ahead -laugh at things (ex. mistakes) -rechannel your energy -learn to relax -call on a support group
  12. type A- more competitive, rushed, and time-oriented
  13. type B- more flexible, and less rushed
  14. 5 defense mechanisms- -denial -escape or fantasy -rationalization -projection -repression
  15. What is wrong with defense mechanisms? It doesn't solve the problem
  16. biofeedback- feedback from ones body

Capter 13 vocab: (i know it looks wierd but thats how she goes)

  1. lower chambers: ventricles
  2. upper " : atria
  3. pulmonary circlation: the flow of the blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart
  4. systemic circulation: moves blood to all body tissue except the lungs
  5. plasma: transports dissolved nutrients, wastes products, and mineral salts as well as hormones, enzymes and vitamins
  6. red blood cells: carry oxygen from the lungs to all body cells
  7. hemoglobin: the oxygen carrying substance in the red blood cells
  8. white blood cells: deysroy invading pathogens
  9. platelets: the smallest parts of the blood- they initiate a chain of reactions that results in the clotting of the blood
  10. blood types: Type A, B, AB, O
  11. universal donor: people with type O blood can give blood to anyone
  12. blood pressure: the force of the blood on the walls of the blood vessels
  13. systolic pressure: the point when the blood surges throught the arteries with such a force that the arteries bulge
  14. sphygmomanometer: an instrument used to messure blood pressure
  15. arteries: largest blood vessels, carry blood away from the heart
  16. capillaries: smallest blood vessels, nutrients and oxygen from blood pass to body cells through capillary walls, waste products from the cells move into the blood through capillary walls
  17. veins: the blood vessels that take blood back to the heart
  18. congenital heart disease: before birth there is a defect in how the babys heart forms
  19. heart murmer: an abnormal sound, a defective valve in the heart
  20. vanicose veins: swollen or enlarged veins, esp. in the legs
  21. thrombasis: the pressure or formation of a blood clot within a blood vessel
  22. embolus: a clot that becomes dislarged from its place of origin
  23. sickle-cell anemia: an inherited comdition resulting from a defect in the hemoglobin within the red blood cells
  24. hemophilia: an inherited disease in which a clotting factor is absent or abnormal
  25. anemia: a condition caused by a dificiency of re blood cells or by a low concentration of hemoglobin in the red cells
  26. 3 ways to keep the cardiovascular system healthy -don't smoke -regular excercise -regular medical check-ups
  27. 5 technological advances: -blood and urine tests quickly available to warn of heart attacks -doppler ultrasound to show trouble in the blood vessels -clotbusters, help prevent heart attacks -radiofrequency to fix irregular heart beats -heart defiballators to shock the heart

    Health Vocab lesson # 19

    1. hypertension:when a persons blood pressure stays above his or her normal pressure. (high blood pressure)
    2. complications(of hypertension): since there is no cure, people can have a stroke, heart attack, heart failure, or kidney failure
    3. 3 factors realted to hypertension:
      -people in high stress enviroments
      -heredity
      -excessive sodium intake
    4. 3 ways to control hypertension:
      -diet controls
      -limiting sodium intake
      -maintaining desirable weight
    5. arteriosclerosis: a condition in which the walls of the arteries become thick and lose their elasticity
    6. artherosclerosis: a form of arteriosclerosis- fatty deposits clog the vessels, slow the blood, and thicken the blood
    7. heart attack: occurs because the heart muscle cells are not getting the oxygen and nutrients they need
    8. 3 signs of a heart attack:
      -a discomfort in the center of the chest that may extend to the arms, neck, jaw, and even the back
      -nausea, vomitting
      -sweating and shortness of breathing
    9. angina pectoris: pain and tightness or pressure in the chest occur as a result of the hearts not getting enough oxygen
    10. cardiac arrest: occurs when the heart stops completely, the circulation stops, and the brain can live for only about 5 minutes
    11. cerebral hemerage: when a diseased artery in the brain bursts and floods the surrounding brain tissue with blood
    12. 3 warning signs of a stroke:
      -sudden, temporary weakness or numbness of the face, arm, and leg on one side of the body
      -temporary loss of speech or trouble in speaking or understanding people
      -temporary dimness or loss of vision, particulary in one eye
    13. electrocardiogram(EKG or ECG): produces a growth of the electrical activity if the heart
    14. angiography: a procedure that provides a picture of the heart, its vessels, and the chambers by cardiac catheterization (a tube put in the heart)
    15. catherization: a thin flexible tube that can be inserted into a blood vessel, and guided through to a certain body organs. A doctor observes by using a fluoroscope (lite can X-ray except gives live photos)
    16. percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (baloon angioplasty): threading a baloon- tipped catheter, through the body to the site of a blockage. As the baloon is inflated, it pushes the plaque a gainst the artery wall, opening a path for the blood to flow through
    17. open-heart sugery: a heart transplant or coronary bypass- you need to be hooked up to a heart/lung machine
    18. coronary bypass: a procedure to create detours around obsructed or narrow coronary arteries, so that blood can reach the heart
    19. transplant: a replacement for a bad heart
    20. pacemaker: a small unit that is implanted in the chest muscle and wired to the heart, which transmits an electrical impulse that causes the heart to beat
    21. 6 ways to lower risk of cardiovascular disease:
      -don't smoke
      -choose and follow a healthy diet
      -try not to become overweight or obese
      -watch your sodium intake
      -excersise regularly
      -manage stress
    Chapter 29 vocab
    1. cancer: abnormal, uncontrolable cell growth
    2. benign tumor: noncancerous, do not spread to healthy tissue or other part of the body
    3. malignant tumor: cancerous, invade and eventually destroy surrounding healthy tissue
    4. metastosis: the spreading of cancer cells to other parts of the body causing secondary tumors
    5. carcinomas: cancers that develop in epitheline tissue, tissue that makes up skin and organ linings
    6. sarcomas: cancers that develop in connective and supportive tissues; bones, muscles, tendons
    7. lymphomas: cancers that develop in the blood-forming tissues; i.e. leukemia
    8. papsmear: a machine used to detect unusual cells or potentially cancerous tissues long before symptoms may appear.
    9. mammogram:
    10. CAT scan/ MRI: two techniques that provide cleaner, more detailed images than ordinary X-rays, also used to detect cancer
    11. early warning signs of cancer:
      Change in habits
      A sore that doesn't heal
      Unusual bleeding or discharge
      Thickening or lump in the breast or elsewhere
      Indigestion or trouble swollowing
      Obvious change in wart or mole
      Nagging cough or hoarseness
    12. carcinogens: substances that cause cancer; i.e. chemicals in tobacco, radiation
    13. radiation: energy from radium can penetrate a tumor, the energy deystroys the tumor cells by damaging the DNA
    14. chemotheropy: the use of anticancer medications in the treatment of cancer, goal: to deystroy malignent cells with out excessive damage of normal cells